Cylinder-honing tool



' 1647,134 1 1927' W.IA. JENNINGS CYLINDER HONING TOOL Filed 001'.- 12, 1925 /6- 6 2 3&

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v v I Patented Nov 1, 1 9 21 9 cam STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIA M A. JENNINGS, OF RAYTOWN, MISSOURI.

- CYLINDER-BOATING 'roon.

Application filed October 12, 1925. Serial No. 62,009.

This invention relates to cylinder honing andpolishing tools of thatclass in which cylinder engaging elements, such as hones,

10 plication filed by me March 10, 1924, Serial In all devices character outlined, the honing-or equivalent elements have been--di posed for adjustment 7 on a single line radially cliametric of the cylinder and in consequence have been capable under certain conditions, of rocking or tilting and hence producing a bevel or flare at the end of the cylinder as they emerge therefrom sufiiciently to bring their pivotal points beyond the corresponding end of the cylinder, because as heretofore constructed,

no provision has been made to lock the hones or the like against pivotal action when 2 bearing wholly below their pivotal points,

against the cylinders.

I have found that to guard against the possibility of such rocking or tilting of the hones under the conditions named, it is cssential to lock' them against pivotal movement, and one of my objects therefore is to provide means for applying a pressure or reactional resistance laterally on the hones which exceeds 'or preponde'rates over the forcetendin'g to impart pivotal movement to the hones.

' Another object is to produce a construction by which it is possible to expand or 001- lapse the tool while in grinding or polish- 40 ing operation, and .eitherbefore or after it is disposed within a cylinder to be ground or polished.

Another object is to provide hone-carrying holders in overlapping relation and bearing'sidewise against each other so that each will oppose any tendency of the other to spring or bend laterally, that is, rear wardly with respect to the direction of rotation.

With these general objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel and useful features of construction and combinations of parts as hereinafter described and claimed; and in order that it may be fully heretofore, of the general arms ,being hereinbefore mentioned, for the cylinder-enunderstood, reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in central vertical section, oi a 'tool embodying the invention, and; also shows a cylinder in central vertical section, and 1n engagement with said tool.-

Flgure 2 is an elevational edge viewof' the tool, with a part broken away to disclose features of construction otherwise hidden. 05

Figure 3 is an inverted horizontal sectional viewtakenon the line III-III of Figure l.

Figure 4 is adetail perspective view of one of the hone holders of the tool. Referring to the drawing in detail, 1 indicates a cylinder to be internally ground and polished, thecylinder being preferably immovably supported in any suitable man'- ner. Arranged within the cylinder, when in operative position, is a pair of elements which are adapted to perform the grinding and polishing operation or either of such operations, said elements extending long-i tudinally of the cylinder and when inoperation in parallel relation thereto. They also stand at opposite sides of the axis of the cylinder and, when in flat or slab like form as shown, are adapted to engage the wall of the cylinder at diametrically opposite points. With respectto the direction of totation, as indicated by arrows in Figure 3, the front outer corners of the two hones or the like are shown as engaged with the wall of the cylinder.

The hones are pivotally mounted as at 3 so as to be capable of rockingedgewise and thereby accommodate themselvesto the wall of the cylinder so that their outer edges shall parallel and engage the cylinder wall. Apair of holders comprise front arms 4 and rear and preferably larger arms 5, the

connected at their inner edges by cross pieces 6, so that each holder in plan view, is approximately U-shaped. The rear or inner arms 5 of the holders are preferably straight and contact with each other in the plane of the axis of the cylinder, and mounted in said arms are the pivot bolts 3 1 gaging elements 2, the heads of the bolts belng counter-sunk in said arms. Preferably the said elements have double flaring or more clearly appears;

spool-shaped metallic cores as bearings for said pivot bolts, and the front ends of said cores are provided with recesses 8 containing springs 9 which bear against the. cores and the smaller or front arms 4 of the hold-v ers for the purpose of crowding the honing elements 2 or the like flatly against the arms '5 of the holders to maintain said arms 5 and said elements in frictional relation at all times. This insures a more instantaneous locking of the elements 2 against pivotal operation after said elements, when in rapidrotation, are rocked to parallel relation-if not. parallel with the cylinder,by -the resistance offered by the latter, as hereinafter The arms 5 of the holders are provided near their u per ends with lugs 10 for a purpose whic hereinafterappears, and the fiatwise abutting arms 5 engage a central bifurcation 11 in a head or member 12, which in the preferred form of construction is adapted to be rapidly rotated. The said head isalso provided at opposite sides of bifurcation 11 with a'pairof bifurcations 13 for. receiving the upper ends ofarms 4, which arms preferably are bent inward near their upper extremities to avoid the necessity of using a member 12 of undue diameter, and a pivot pin 14 carried by member 12, forms a pivotal support for the holders.

The head 12 is formed with a reduced por-. tion 15, and is screwed upon the end of a driving shaft 16. A sleeve'17 fits upon the head and is threaded on portion 15 thereof, and at its lower end is provided with an an nular angle flange 18 for fitting upon and around the lugs 10 of the holders, downward'adjustment of the sleeve on the head causing the former to apply pressure on lugs 10 for swinging the holders outwardly in opposite directions to expand the tool and c t ough in practice motor cylinders for use upon which the tool is primarily designed,

'rarel exceed an-inner diameter of approximate y three and three-fourths inches.

.$s suming that thetool, in colla sed cond ion, has been positioned with t e hones w olly within a c linder and to the far end thereof from the (lliving shaft, the rotatable movement is started throu h any suitable control or clutch (not shown ,and theoperator grips the sleeve lightly so that if it rotates at all it will rotate at a materially retarded speed. This difference in the speed of rotation between the head and the sleeve causes the latter to move toward the holders, and by appying pressure on the lugs 10, expand the tool. If the honing elements are initially'tilted either way with respect to- 'the cylinder, they will, under the resistance ofl'ered thereby, instantly rock to the parallel position described so that'for their full length they shall engage the cylinder. As

this is accomplished the sleeve is released and the full lgngth'contact of the hones with the cylinder wall presses the hones-with respect to the direction of rotatioh-rearwardly against the large arms 5 of the holders and develops a friction between the hones and said arms so great it exceeds that of the edgewisegrinding pressure of'the hones on the cylinder. In the actual operation there will be a conventional relative longitudinal feeding movement eflt'ected by hand or other-' wise of the hones with respect to the cylinder so that the former shall gradually grind the cylinder from one end to the other and thus insure uniformity of diameter for'its full length. i

In the event that the operator through inattention or otherwise, should fail to arrest the grinding operation by the time the pivotal points 3 of the'hones attain a position exterior to the end of the cylinder from which the hones emerge, it will be impossible for the hones to swing pivotally outward at their upper ends and thus produce a flare or bevel in the cylinder, and this is due to the fact .that at all times the large arms 5 offer a frictional resistance to pivotal movement ofthe hones which is in excess of the edgewise pressure on the cylinder which tends to impart such pivotal movement to the hones, this relatively great pressure of the bones on the holders for locking the former, being due rimarily to the fact that the hones are isposed in planes which. bear chordal relations withthe circle of rotation of the operating element or head. It will be obvious if the hones both stand to swing in the plane of the axis of the cylinder, that the pivotal action would occur because the resistance of the cylinder to edgewise pressure of the hones would be greater than any lateral pressure which could be ap lied by the hones onthe holders. In e ect the action of the hones on the cylinder is a wiping action, as will be noted particularly by reference to Figure 3, tending to press the hones with greater force laterally than inwardly.

It will be apparent that as the tool remains in expanded condition until the sleeve is reversely adjusted to permit of inward or collapsmg movement of the holders by gravitative action, the continued operation 139 of the driving member, causes the hones by light contact with the cylinder wall to perform a polishing or smoothing function, it being understood however, that purely polishing members of less abrasive material, such as pumice stone or even felt, may be substituted for the grinding members, if desired.

From the above description, it will be apparent that I have produced a device-of the character described which possesses all of the features of advantage set forth as desirable, and while I have described and claimed the preferred embodiment of the same, I reserve the right to make all changes properly falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1-. A tool for grinding and polishing concave cylindrical surfaces, comprising a rotary driving member, a pair of holders pivotally carried by the driving member, and fitting flatly together in overlapping relation in the plane of the axis of said member, elements carried respectively by said holders for operation in parallel planes chordal to the circle of operation of the driving member and the surfaces to be ground or polished, and means for effecting simultaneous outward swinging movement of said holders to disposethe said elements in engagement with the surfaces to be ground or polished.

2. A tool for grindingiand polishing'concave surfaces, comprising a rotary driving member, a pair of holders pivotally' carried by the driving member and bearing an overlapping relat1on to each other, and elements carried respectively by said holders for operation in parallel planes chordal to the circle of operation of the driving member and to the surfaces to be ground or polished.

3. A tool for grinding and polishing con cave surfaces, comprising a rotary driving member;a" pair of holders pivotally carried by the driving member and bearing an .overlapping relation, and elements carried respectively by said holders and pivoted thereto, each of said holders on the back side of its respective element as regards the direction of rotation being of such area that the frictional force between such parts of the holder and the element is greater than the force tending to rock the element around its pivotal pointin the holder.

In witness whereof I hereunto aifix my signature.

WILLIAM A. JENNINGS. 

